fig2

Figure 2. Molecular target of TKIs and immunotherapy used in MTC on tumor cell, endothelial cell, and T cell and the consequent effects of treatments. VEGFR 1/2: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1/2; PDGFR: platelet-derived growth factor receptor; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; RET: rearranged during transfection; MET: hepatocyte growth factor receptor; KIT: mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; RAS: rat sarcoma; RAF: v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; MEK: mitogen activated protein kinase; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinases; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; pTEN: phosphatase and tensin homolog; AKT: protein kinase B; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; TCR: T cell receptor; PD1: programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: programmed death ligand 1; CTLA-4: cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; APC: antigen presenting cell.