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Figure 6. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) activity in bone metastasis microenvironment: overview of actions of PGE2 on bone cells, cancer cells, and blood cells. Black arrows indicate activities of PGE2, receptor-activated NF-κB ligand (RANK-L), and tumor growth factor β (TGFβ) on different cell types from the bone microenvironment (names in orange) resulting in multiple biological functions (text in white). Grey arrows indicate PGE2 and RANK-L secretions and TGFβ release from resorbed bone matrix. Dotted black arrows indicate cell differentiation (adipogenesis and osteoclastogenesis). Red lines indicate PGE2 inhibitory activity on osteoclast differentiation and activity.